The Public Defender of Rights in the Czech Republic acts to defend persons against the conduct of authorities and other institutions exercising state administration.

The Public Defender of Rights handles complaints and gives basic legal advice in cases which do not fall within its mandate. The Defender may conduct independent inquiries but he cannot substitute for the activities of state administrative authorities and he cannot cancel or alter their decisions. However, when a shortcoming is ascertained, the Defender may request that authorities or institutions ensure remedy.

Since 2006, the Defender has been monitoring compliance with the rights of persons restricted in their freedom. Systematic preventive visits are performed by the Defender, to facilities where persons are or may be confined because of a decision or an order of a public authority (e.g. a court) or depending on the care provided (particularly based on age, health condition, social circumstances, etc.). The Defender has further received the mandate to monitor activities relating to forced returns, NPM, equality bodies and the Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

The Defender may also write legislative recommendations, issue reports and publications and provide guidance to public officers.